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Book cover for Forging Fraternity in Late Medieval Society
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License

Copyright: © Rachael Harkes 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63674/ssgx3409

Number of pages: 254

Number of illustrations: 21

Publication date: 6 November 2025

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Forging Fraternity in Late Medieval Society

The Palmers' Guild of Ludlow

Rachael Harkes (Author)

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Forging Fraternity in Late Medieval Society is an ambitious and innovative study of the social, political and religious histories of medieval England and Wales. Using the Palmers’ Guild of Ludlow as a prism, it sets out to consider the almost ubiquitous membership of religious guilds in both urban and rural society on the eve of the Reformation. With over 18,000 members recorded in the guild’s massive extant archive, drawn from across the social spectrum and spread throughout Wales, England, Iberia, Ireland and France, the Palmers offer a unique opportunity to investigate the interplay between institutions and individuals in the Middle Ages.

Why did thousands of men and women join this particular organization in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries? What influenced people’s decision to become a member, how can we reconstruct these decisions from surviving documents, and what do they reveal about the communities that made up late medieval society? By posing these questions, this book charts individual and collective experiences, reconstructing the life-stages, political circumstances, and social pressures incumbent on individuals as they engaged in a moral and fiscal commitment to a guild. Departing from traditional guild studies, Forging Fraternity crosses conventional historiographical boundaries to reconceptualise guild membership as both a structure for and mirror of complex social relations and identities, demonstrating with ingenuity how medieval sources can be put to use in unconventional ways.

This book gets to the heart of why guilds were so successful in building community and connection in late medieval England and Wales. Rachael Harkes achieves a tremendous blend of analysis and insight through meticulous document research that reveals the full picture of how the Palmers Guild built its ethos and interests through cultivation of a public role that involved a cross section of English and Welsh people, from beggars to nobles, across three hundred years of life on the Marches. This well-structured and engaging account unveils important new evidence of the mechanics of late medieval urban life and in doing so takes us closer to understanding how the interactions of community in pre-Reformation England and Wales truly worked.

— Sean Cunningham, Head of Medieval Records, The National Archives, UK

Introduction

  1. Microcosms of Membership
  2. Households
  3. Urban Governance
  4. Regional Governance
  5. Beyond Wales and England

Conclusion

PDF: 9781908590688

EPUB: 9781908590695

Read Online: 9781911507987

Hardback: 9781908590664 / 254 pages / 240mm x 160mm

Paperback: 9781908590671 / 254 pages / 234mm x 156mm

Rachael Harkes (Author)

Rachael Harkes is currently a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the University of Bristol on the ERC Advanced Grant/UKRI project 'Mapping the Medieval March: Wales and England, c. 1282–1550'. Her research focuses on processes of decision-making in medieval society, with a specific interest in border regions and digital humanities.

This book gets to the heart of why guilds were so successful in building community and connection in late medieval England and Wales. Rachael Harkes achieves a tremendous blend of analysis and insight through meticulous document research that reveals the full picture of how the Palmers Guild built its ethos and interests through cultivation of a public role that involved a cross section of English and Welsh people, from beggars to nobles, across three hundred years of life on the Marches. This well-structured and engaging account unveils important new evidence of the mechanics of late medieval urban life and in doing so takes us closer to understanding how the interactions of community in pre-Reformation England and Wales truly worked.

— Sean Cunningham, Head of Medieval Records, The National Archives, UK

Subject: History

BISAC codes: HIS015020, REL108020

Thema codes: NHDJ, QRMP

Keywords: England, Ludlow, Palmers’ Guild, Reformation, Wales, community, fraternity, governance, guilds, medieval, membership, mid-thirteenth century, networks, nobility, politics, pre-Enlightenment, religion, rural, society, urban

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